Disparities among pediatric hospital admissions according to gender

Background:The objective of the study was to determine the pattern of disparities among paediatric hospital admissions according to gender.Methods:This retrospective observational study was done at pediatric ward of Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital Karachi from June 2018 to May 2019. Pediatric patients below 12 years of age admitted to the pediatric ward of the hospital were included while patients who were admitted for less than 24 hours, refused for consent by parent/guardian, surgical or ICU pediatric patients were excluded. SPSS was used for data analysis. Quantitative data included age, gender, diagnosis and seasonal variation, expressed as frequency in percentages and chi-square test was applied to test for significance.Results:Among 734 pediatric hospital admissions, 423 (58%) were males and 311 (42%) females. Highest percentages of pediatric admission in both genders were infants afterwhich second most patients were from the 1-4 years group in both genders (p=0.01). 215 patients of acute gastroenteritis were male while 142 females. Among patients admitted with respiratory disease, 56 were males while 48 were females. 52 male patients were admitted with viral fever while 34 patients admitted were females (p=0.01).Conclusions:Our study reported a significant difference among gender variances in pediatric hospital admissions. Overall, not only males were predominant in admission to pediatric wards, they were also found to be predominant in disease categorization. Further studies set to determine the reasons behind such gender differences would help in determining plans accordingly to improve outcome of diseases

Estimation of time since injuries [age of wound] in living medico-legal cases of mansehra

Objective: The objective was to study the way in which duration of injury or time since injury [age of the wound] is assessed in live medico legal cases in rural area, to know and analyze the time since injury recorded inMedico Legal register and have an idea that how much time later the injured person is examined after injury or how much time later he reach to a doctor for opinion of duration of injury and otheropinion

Study Design: Retrospective study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at a medico legal centre of Mansehra District fromJanuary to August of2005

Materials and Methods: The study is a record based research, 100 cases were selected, which were consecutively recorded from the previously registered MLC cases in a center of Mansehra district. Data of time since injury or duration of injury [age of the wound] along with preliminary data was recorded from the record and analyzed

Results: In 100 cases the time since injuries were 0 to 59 minutes, 1hour to 6 hours, 7 hours to 12 hours, 13 hours to 24 hours and others. Among the victims having 25 years of age only one1 [1%] had times of injury of 0 to 59 Minuit's, of age of 26year to 45 year only 2[2%] were having time of 0 to 59 mints and no one above 45 years ofage has the same time. 35 [35%] cases of age 25 years were having time since injury of 1 to 6 hours, 33[33%] cases of age 26 to 45 years were havingsame time and only 5of above the age of 45 years had duration of injuryof 1 to 6 hours. 17[17%] of all the cases has age of injury up to 7 to 12 hours. 7 [7%] of total cases has time of 13 to 24 hour

Conclusion: Our study reflect the true situation ofsubjected societywhere the hospital is in the reach ofpopulation and this also reflect upon some influence of injured person act 2004, according to which the victim shall be taken to hospital for treatment as early as possible and the legal matter can be dealt with later on, among male victims 2[2%] and among female 1[1%] has age of wounds of 0 to 59mints mean less than one hour, 48[48%] male and 25[25%] female had age of wound of 1 to 6 hours, 1[1%] female and 6[6%] male were having time of injury of 13 to 24hours

Study of different patterns of fingerprints prevalent in our population

The objectives of the study is to observe and analyze different types of fingerprint patterns in our population and compare it with other studies conducted in Pakistan and abroad, their utility in Forensic investigations, diagnosis and prevention of diseases, criticism on their utility and its defense. Comparative study. This study was conducted on the Medico-legal cases received in the casualty department of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from January 2011 to June 2011. 200 males and 200 females between the ages of 10 years to 65 years were included in the study for analyzing different type of fingerprint patterns. The fingerprints [impressions] were taken on the unglazed white paper to nail to nail rolled method of all fingers and thumbs of both hands with black ink. These cases were separated on the basis of four basic patterns of fingerprints, their subclasses in both sexes. The relevant data was collected on prescribed Performa and then the results were scrutinized and statistically analyzed. On analysis of data recorded, average percentage values of males and females, the loop type of the pattern was 54%, whorl 32%, arch 10.05% and composite 3.5% and the ulnar loop type of the pattern was 87.5% whereas radial loop type of the pattern was 12.5% in our population. Fingerprints patterns [dermatoglyphics] are not only old standing helpful tool for identification of criminals during forensic investigations, for the identifications of the persons in everyday business on civil side but also an emerging science to aid in the diagnosis and prevention of diseases. More elaborated studies should be conducted with reference to ethnic and geographical variations in Pakistan also. Biometric database housing fingerprints and criminal history of criminals must be developed to help out law enforcement agencies on the pattern of IAFIS

incidence of weapon used in medicolegal cases of urban area of Abbottabad

The objective of this study was to compare the use of weapon of offence in medico legal cases in urban area with the use of weapon in rural area in such cases. Comparative study. A medico legal centre of an urban area of Shaheed Benazir Hospital Abbottabad was selected. The record of recorded cases was taken, researched and record was formed on Performa's, the total time interval of the recorded cases in Performa's was of two months [February to March 2011]. It is also a record based research retrospectively like the study of rural area, 55 cases recorded in a MLC centre of urban area of Abbottabad were recorded from the previously registered cases consecutively on designed Performa, Data of weapon used along with preliminary data was recorded of these registered cases and analysed. Among the 55 cases the weapon of offence used was Blunt, Sharp, Pointed, Fire Arm, RTA and others means thermal or chemical etc. The blunt weapon was used 33[60%]cases, Sharp edged light weapon was used in 3 [5.5%] cases, pointed weapon was used in 2 [3.6%] cases, Fire Arm in 8 [14.5%] cases, RTA cases were 8 [14.5%] and others in 1[1.8%] cases. The study represents the true picture of the province and society, being a comparative study it shows that there is not much difference in the society as a whole, in urban study no female was victimized among these 55 cases, the perpetrator used weapon only against male victims, which again shows less involvement of female population in daily disputes like rural area, the incidence of using Blunt weapon was higher, and the cases suffering from FAI and RTA were equal

Weapon of offense used in bodily medico legal injuries in a rural area

The primary objective was to study about different weapon of offense, used in inflicting bodily medico legal injuries in a rural of Khyber Pakhtoonkhuwa. The study is a record based research, 55 cases were selected, which were consecutively recorded from the previously registered MLC cases in a rural area, data of types of weapon used in offences along with preliminaries data was recorded from the record and analyzed. In 55 cases the weapon of offense used were blunt weapon, sharp heavy edged, sharp light edged, Fire arm and road traffic accidents' there were total 37 [67.3%] cases of blunt weapon, of which 31 [64.6%] were of male and 6 [85.7%] of female, only 1 [2.1%] of male were injured with sharp heavy edged weapon, while non of female was hurted with such weapon, 3 [6.25%] of male and 1 [14.3%] of female were injured by sharp light edged weapon, total of 5.5% were hit by fire arm, and 18.2% cases were of RTA. Our study reflect the true picture of rural society where the female population suffered less as compared to male, due to their conservativeness, weapon was used 48 [87.3] times against male population and 7 [12.7] time against female which prove that it is true that, in the society of pathans in KPK province female and children are spared in the enmity disputes

Morbidity and mortality of firearm injury in Peshawar region

Firearm injuries cause significant morbidity and mortality among its victims. The present study, carried out at a major tertiary care hospital of Peshawar, Pakistan was aimed at highlighting the extent and severity of firearm-related morbidity and resultant mortality despite expert medical care. All victims of firearm injury brought to the Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Emergency Department and thereafter admitted to hospital wards during the period mid-2006 to mid-2007 were included in the study prospectively regardless of age, gender or socio-economic status. Data relevant to the background of firearm use, type of firearm used, types and extents of injuries, clinical condition of the patients and final outcome were collected on performas and entered into SPSS 15.0 for analysis. Seventy-four cases of firearm injury were recorded during the study period, with a predominant male to female ratio [9.6:1]. Most victims [79.7%] were in the age group of 15-35 years. Although there were more cases from Peshawar [28.4%], there was no major referral pattern noted. High velocity weapons were used in 95.9% of cases and homicide was the main motive for injury [60.8%]. Injuries were sustained most frequently in the abdomen and pelvis [44.6%] and 67.6% of victims sustained internal injuries. There were only 5 [6.8%] deaths from firearm injuries. It is concluded, the young males of the population must be targeted for lifestyle adjustments such as training to refrain from anger or disputes [usually over petty things] and to prevent the easy access of firearms as a weapon to settle disputes